1798 1st American ed Napoleon Bonaparte in ITALY French
1798 1st American ed Napoleon Bonaparte in ITALY French Revolution War Campaigns
Napoléon Bonaparte (1769 – 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and again in 1815.
Item number: #6229
Price: $450
Main author: François ReneÌ Jean Pommereul, baron de; John Davis (transl.)
Title: Campaign of General Buonaparte in Italy, during the fourth and fifth years of the French republic.
Published: New-York : Printed [by Thomas Greenleaf for Henry Caritat] at the Argus Office., M, DCC, XCVIII. [1798]
Language: English
Notes & contents:
1st American edition – very rare!
Famous documentary study of Napoleon in Italy
FREE SHIPPING WORLDWIDE
Wear: wear as seen in photos
Binding: tight and secure leather binding
Pages: complete with all 304 pages; plus indexes, prefaces, and such
Publisher: New-York : Printed [by Thomas Greenleaf for Henry Caritat] at the Argus Office., M, DCC, XCVIII. [1798]
Size: ~8.5in X 5in (22cm x 13cm)
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Satisfaction Guarantee:
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$450
Napoléon Bonaparte (/nəˈpoÊŠliÉ™n, -ˈpoÊŠljÉ™n/;[2] French: [napÉ”leɔ̃ bÉ”napaÊt], born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and again in 1815. Napoleon dominated European affairs for over a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars. He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, rapidly gaining control of continental Europe before his ultimate defeat in 1815. One of the greatest commanders in history, his campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide and he remains one of the most celebrated and controversial political figures in Western history.[3][4] In civil affairs, Napoleon had a major long-term impact by bringing liberal reforms to the territories that he conquered, especially the Low Countries, Switzerland, and large parts of modern Italy and Germany. He implemented fundamental liberal policies in France and throughout Western Europe.[note 1] His lasting legal achievement, the Napoleonic Code, has been adopted in various forms by a quarter of the worlds legal systems, from Japan to Quebec.[10][11][12]
Napoleon was born in Corsica to a relatively modest family of noble Tuscan ancestry. Serving in the French army, Napoleon supported the Revolution from the outset in 1789 and tried to spread its ideals to Corsica, but was banished from the island in 1793. Two years later, he saved the French government from collapse by firing on the Parisian mobs with cannons. After the Directory rewarded Napoleon by giving him command of the Army of Italy at age 26, he began his first military campaign against the Austrians and their Italian allies, scoring a series of decisive victories that made him famous all across Europe. He followed the defeat of the Allies in Europe by commanding a military expedition to Egypt in 1798, conquering the Ottoman province after defeating the Mamelukes and launching modern Egyptology through the discoveries made by his army.
After returning from Egypt, Napoleon engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious powers of the Catholic Church but kept the lands seized by the Revolution. The state nominated the bishops and controlled church finances. He extended his political control over France until the Senate declared him Emperor of the French in 1804, launching the French Empire. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the elimination of the Holy Roman Empire. In October 1805, however, a Franco-Spanish fleet was destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar, allowing Britain to impose a naval blockade of the French coasts. In retaliation, Napoleon established the Continental System in 1806 to cut off European trade with Britain. The Fourth Coalition took up arms against him the same year because Prussia became worried about growing French influence on the continent. After quickly knocking out Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, Napoleon turned his attention towards the Russians and annihilated them in 1807 at Friedland, which forced the Russians to accept the Treaties of Tilsit.
Hoping to extend the Continental System, Napoleon invaded Iberia and declared his brother Joseph the King of Spain in 1808. The Spanish and the Portuguese revolted with British support. The Peninsular War, noted for its brutal guerrilla warfare, lasted six years and culminated in an Allied victory. Fighting also erupted in Central Europe, as the Austrians launched another attack against the French in 1809. Napoleon defeated them at the Battle of Wagram, dissolving the Fifth Coalition formed against France. By 1811, Napoleon ruled over 70 million people across an empire that had domination in Europe, which had not witnessed this level of political consolidation since the days of the Roman Empire.[13] He maintained his strategic status through a series of alliances and family appointments. He created a new aristocracy in France while allowing the return of nobles who had been forced into exile by the Revolution.
Tensions over rising Polish nationalism and the economic effects of the Continental System led to renewed confrontation with Russia. To enforce his blockade, Napoleon launched an invasion of Russia in 1812 that ended in catastrophic failure for the French. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in a Sixth Coalition against France. A chaotic military campaign eventually culminated in a large Allied army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in October. The next year, the Allies invaded France and captured Paris, forcing Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814. He was exiled to the island of Elba. The Bourbons were restored to power and the French lost most of the territories that they had conquered since the Revolution. However, Napoleon escaped from Elba in February 1815 and took control of the government once again. The Allies formed a Seventh Coalition, which ultimately defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June. He was then captured by the British and imprisoned on the remote island of Saint Helena. His death in 1821 at the age of 51 was received by shock and grief throughout Europe. In 1840, a million people witnessed his remains returning to Paris, where they still reside at Les Invalides.[14]
Contents [hide]
1Origins and education
2Early career
2.1Siege of Toulon
2.213 Vendémiaire
2.3First Italian campaign
2.4Egyptian expedition
3Ruler of France
3.1French Consulate
3.1.1Temporary peace in Europe
3.2French Empire
3.2.1War of the Third Coalition
3.2.2Middle-Eastern alliances
3.2.3War of the Fourth Coalition and Tilsit
3.2.4Peninsular War and Erfurt
3.2.5War of the Fifth Coalition and Marie Louise
3.2.6Invasion of Russia
3.2.7War of the Sixth Coalition
3.2.8Exile to Elba
3.2.9Hundred Days
4Exile on Saint Helena
4.1Death
4.1.1Cause of death
5Religions
5.1Concordat
5.2Religious emancipation
6Personality
7Image
8Reforms
8.1Napoleonic Code
8.2Warfare
8.3Metric system
8.4Education
9Memory and evaluation
9.1Criticism
9.2Propaganda and memory
9.3Long-term impact outside France
10Marriages and children
11Titles, styles, honours, and arms
12Ancestry
13Notes
14Citations
15References
15.1Biographical studies
15.2Specialty studies
15.3Historiography and memory
16External links
Origins and education
Half-length portrait of a wigged middle-aged man with a well-to-do jacket. His left hand is tucked inside his waistcoat.
Napoleons father Carlo Buonaparte was Corsicas representative to the court of Louis XVI of France.
Napoleon was born on 15 August 1769, to Carlo Maria di Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino, in his familys ancestral home Casa Buonaparte in Ajaccio, the capital of the island of Corsica. He was their fourth child and third son. This was a year after the island was transferred to France by the Republic of Genoa.[15] He was christened Napoleone di Buonaparte, probably named after an uncle (an older brother who did not survive infancy was the first of the sons to be called Napoleone). In his 20s, he adopted the more French-sounding Napoléon Bonaparte.[16][note 2]
The Corsican Buonapartes were descended from minor Italian nobility of Tuscan origin, who had come to Corsica from Liguria in the 16th century.[17][18]
Head and shoulders portrait of a white-haired, portly, middle-aged man with a pinkish complexion, blue velvet coat, and a ruffle
The nationalist Corsican leader Pasquale Paoli; portrait by Richard Cosway, 1798
His father Nobile Carlo Buonaparte was an attorney, and was named Corsicas representative to the court of Louis XVI in 1777. The dominant influence of Napoleons childhood was his mother, Letizia Ramolino, whose firm discipline restrained a rambunctious child.[19] Napoleons maternal grandmother had married into the Swiss Fesch family in her second marriage, and Napoleons uncle, the later cardinal Joseph Fesch, would fulfill the role as protector of the Bonaparte family for some years.
He had an elder brother Joseph, and younger siblings: Lucien, Elisa, Louis, Pauline, Caroline, and Jérôme. A boy and girl were born before...
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1798 1st American ed Napoleon Bonaparte in ITALY French Revolution War Campaigns
Napoléon Bonaparte (1769 – 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and again in 1815.
Item number: #6229
Price: $450
Main author: François ReneÌ Jean Pommereul, baron de; John Davis (transl.)
Title: Campaign of General Buonaparte in Italy, during the fourth and fifth years of the French republic.
Published: New-York : Printed [by Thomas Greenleaf for Henry Caritat] at the Argus Office., M, DCC, XCVIII. [1798]
Language: English
Notes & contents:
1st American edition – very rare!
Famous documentary study of Napoleon in Italy
FREE SHIPPING WORLDWIDE
Wear: wear as seen in photos
Binding: tight and secure leather binding
Pages: complete with all 304 pages; plus indexes, prefaces, and such
Publisher: New-York : Printed [by Thomas Greenleaf for Henry Caritat] at the Argus Office., M, DCC, XCVIII. [1798]
Size: ~8.5in X 5in (22cm x 13cm)
FREE SHIPPING WORLDWIDE
Shipping:
Very Fast. Very Safe. Free Shipping Worldwide.
Satisfaction Guarantee:
Customer satisfaction is our first priority. Notify us within 7 days of receiving your item and we will offer a full refund guarantee without reservation.
$450
Napoléon Bonaparte (/nəˈpoÊŠliÉ™n, -ˈpoÊŠljÉ™n/;[2] French: [napÉ”leɔ̃ bÉ”napaÊt], born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and again in 1815. Napoleon dominated European affairs for over a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars. He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, rapidly gaining control of continental Europe before his ultimate defeat in 1815. One of the greatest commanders in history, his campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide and he remains one of the most celebrated and controversial political figures in Western history.[3][4] In civil affairs, Napoleon had a major long-term impact by bringing liberal reforms to the territories that he conquered, especially the Low Countries, Switzerland, and large parts of modern Italy and Germany. He implemented fundamental liberal policies in France and throughout Western Europe.[note 1] His lasting legal achievement, the Napoleonic Code, has been adopted in various forms by a quarter of the worlds legal systems, from Japan to Quebec.[10][11][12]
Napoleon was born in Corsica to a relatively modest family of noble Tuscan ancestry. Serving in the French army, Napoleon supported the Revolution from the outset in 1789 and tried to spread its ideals to Corsica, but was banished from the island in 1793. Two years later, he saved the French government from collapse by firing on the Parisian mobs with cannons. After the Directory rewarded Napoleon by giving him command of the Army of Italy at age 26, he began his first military campaign against the Austrians and their Italian allies, scoring a series of decisive victories that made him famous all across Europe. He followed the defeat of the Allies in Europe by commanding a military expedition to Egypt in 1798, conquering the Ottoman province after defeating the Mamelukes and launching modern Egyptology through the discoveries made by his army.
After returning from Egypt, Napoleon engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious powers of the Catholic Church but kept the lands seized by the Revolution. The state nominated the bishops and controlled church finances. He extended his political control over France until the Senate declared him Emperor of the French in 1804, launching the French Empire. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the elimination of the Holy Roman Empire. In October 1805, however, a Franco-Spanish fleet was destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar, allowing Britain to impose a naval blockade of the French coasts. In retaliation, Napoleon established the Continental System in 1806 to cut off European trade with Britain. The Fourth Coalition took up arms against him the same year because Prussia became worried about growing French influence on the continent. After quickly knocking out Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, Napoleon turned his attention towards the Russians and annihilated them in 1807 at Friedland, which forced the Russians to accept the Treaties of Tilsit.
Hoping to extend the Continental System, Napoleon invaded Iberia and declared his brother Joseph the King of Spain in 1808. The Spanish and the Portuguese revolted with British support. The Peninsular War, noted for its brutal guerrilla warfare, lasted six years and culminated in an Allied victory. Fighting also erupted in Central Europe, as the Austrians launched another attack against the French in 1809. Napoleon defeated them at the Battle of Wagram, dissolving the Fifth Coalition formed against France. By 1811, Napoleon ruled over 70 million people across an empire that had domination in Europe, which had not witnessed this level of political consolidation since the days of the Roman Empire.[13] He maintained his strategic status through a series of alliances and family appointments. He created a new aristocracy in France while allowing the return of nobles who had been forced into exile by the Revolution.
Tensions over rising Polish nationalism and the economic effects of the Continental System led to renewed confrontation with Russia. To enforce his blockade, Napoleon launched an invasion of Russia in 1812 that ended in catastrophic failure for the French. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in a Sixth Coalition against France. A chaotic military campaign eventually culminated in a large Allied army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in October. The next year, the Allies invaded France and captured Paris, forcing Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814. He was exiled to the island of Elba. The Bourbons were restored to power and the French lost most of the territories that they had conquered since the Revolution. However, Napoleon escaped from Elba in February 1815 and took control of the government once again. The Allies formed a Seventh Coalition, which ultimately defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June. He was then captured by the British and imprisoned on the remote island of Saint Helena. His death in 1821 at the age of 51 was received by shock and grief throughout Europe. In 1840, a million people witnessed his remains returning to Paris, where they still reside at Les Invalides.[14]
Contents [hide]
1Origins and education
2Early career
2.1Siege of Toulon
2.213 Vendémiaire
2.3First Italian campaign
2.4Egyptian expedition
3Ruler of France
3.1French Consulate
3.1.1Temporary peace in Europe
3.2French Empire
3.2.1War of the Third Coalition
3.2.2Middle-Eastern alliances
3.2.3War of the Fourth Coalition and Tilsit
3.2.4Peninsular War and Erfurt
3.2.5War of the Fifth Coalition and Marie Louise
3.2.6Invasion of Russia
3.2.7War of the Sixth Coalition
3.2.8Exile to Elba
3.2.9Hundred Days
4Exile on Saint Helena
4.1Death
4.1.1Cause of death
5Religions
5.1Concordat
5.2Religious emancipation
6Personality
7Image
8Reforms
8.1Napoleonic Code
8.2Warfare
8.3Metric system
8.4Education
9Memory and evaluation
9.1Criticism
9.2Propaganda and memory
9.3Long-term impact outside France
10Marriages and children
11Titles, styles, honours, and arms
12Ancestry
13Notes
14Citations
15References
15.1Biographical studies
15.2Specialty studies
15.3Historiography and memory
16External links
Origins and education
Half-length portrait of a wigged middle-aged man with a well-to-do jacket. His left hand is tucked inside his waistcoat.
Napoleons father Carlo Buonaparte was Corsicas representative to the court of Louis XVI of France.
Napoleon was born on 15 August 1769, to Carlo Maria di Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino, in his familys ancestral home Casa Buonaparte in Ajaccio, the capital of the island of Corsica. He was their fourth child and third son. This was a year after the island was transferred to France by the Republic of Genoa.[15] He was christened Napoleone di Buonaparte, probably named after an uncle (an older brother who did not survive infancy was the first of the sons to be called Napoleone). In his 20s, he adopted the more French-sounding Napoléon Bonaparte.[16][note 2]
The Corsican Buonapartes were descended from minor Italian nobility of Tuscan origin, who had come to Corsica from Liguria in the 16th century.[17][18]
Head and shoulders portrait of a white-haired, portly, middle-aged man with a pinkish complexion, blue velvet coat, and a ruffle
The nationalist Corsican leader Pasquale Paoli; portrait by Richard Cosway, 1798
His father Nobile Carlo Buonaparte was an attorney, and was named Corsicas representative to the court of Louis XVI in 1777. The dominant influence of Napoleons childhood was his mother, Letizia Ramolino, whose firm discipline restrained a rambunctious child.[19] Napoleons maternal grandmother had married into the Swiss Fesch family in her second marriage, and Napoleons uncle, the later cardinal Joseph Fesch, would fulfill the role as protector of the Bonaparte family for some years.
He had an elder brother Joseph, and younger siblings: Lucien, Elisa, Louis, Pauline, Caroline, and Jérôme. A boy and girl were born before...
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Estimate
Time, Location
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