James A. Garfield, Union Major General, 42nd Ohio Infantry, 20th Brigade Army of the Ohio, U.S.

- James A. Garfield, Union Major General, 42nd Ohio Infantry, 20th Brigade Army of the Ohio, U.S. Congressman from Ohio, President of the United States - President James A. Garfield's (1831-1881) personal copy of the Eau de Cologne pamphlet is signed on the first page of the pamphlet with a notation which reads, to be preserved as a curious specimen of French English. J.A.G. Paris, Oct. 18, 1867. The pamphlet is bound in black leather with gold gilt writing in a leather clam shell case. On the back inside cover panel is President Garfield's bookplate, Intra Folio Froctus/ Library of/ James A. Garfield/ No. 220.c. Item comes with Certificate of Authenticity. Condition: Some toning and foxing visible. Image of the Eau de Cologne fountain has a section that is loose and apart from the rest of the bound material. Garfield was elected as a Republican member of the Ohio State Senate in 1859, serving until 1861. He opposed Confederate secession, was a major general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and fought in the battles of Middle Creek, Shiloh, and Chickamauga. Garfield was elected to Congress in 1862 to represent Ohios 19th district. Throughout his congressional service, he firmly supported the gold standard and gained a reputation as a skilled orator. He initially agreed with Radical Republican views on Reconstruction but later favored a Moderate Republican–aligned approach to civil rights enforcement for freedmen. Garfields aptitude for mathematics extended to a notable proof of the Pythagorean theorem, which he published in 1876.